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Views: 176 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2022-06-28 Origin: Site
Cylinders are used in many general industrial applications, but perhaps one of the most unusual applications involves the production of primary aluminum in the metal industry.
The design of the cylinder varies according to its application and end-use industry. In the manufacturing industry, commonly used pneumatic actuators are used in various industrial sectors, factory automation and packaging, as well as transportation and life science applications.
In the pneumatic automation system, the cylinder has various advantages such as relatively low cost, easy installation, simple structure, and so on. Therefore, the cylinder is also a widely used actuator. Cylinder types include single acting pneumatic cylinders, double acting pneumatic cylinders, tie rod cylinders, telescopic cylinders and solenoid valve cylinders. Cylinder is the actuator in the pneumatic system. The quality of the cylinder will directly affect the performance of the supporting equipment.
Pneumatic actuators are devices that convert the pressure of compressed air into mechanical energy, such as cylinders and air motors. It is the air cylinder that realizes linear movement and work, and the gas motor that realizes rotary movement and work. Cylinder is the main executive element in pneumatic transmission, and is divided into single-acting and double-acting in the basic structure. The compressed air of the former enters the cylinder from one end to make the piston move forward, and the spring force or dead weight at the other end makes the piston return to its original position. The reciprocating movement of the latter cylinder piston is driven by compressed air. The cylinder is composed of a front end cover, a rear end cover, a piston, a cylinder barrel, a piston rod and so on.
There are four links in the production process of aluminum to form a complete industrial chain: aluminum ore mining, alumina production, electrolytic aluminum smelting, and aluminum processing and production.
At present, the only method of industrial production of primary aluminum is the Hall-Elu aluminum electrolysis method. It was invented in 1886 by Hall of the United States and Erou of France. The Hall-Elu aluminum electrolysis method is an electrolyte composed of alumina as raw material and cryolite (Na3AlF6) as a flux. Under the condition of 950-970℃, the alumina in the electrolyte melt is decomposed into aluminum and Oxygen and aluminum are precipitated in the form of liquid phase on the carbon cathode, and oxygen is released in the form of carbon dioxide gas on the carbon anode.
Industrial aluminum electrolytic cells can be roughly divided into three types: side-inserted anode self-baking cell, upper-inserted anode self-baking cell and pre-baked anode cell. Since the self-baking cell technology consumes high electricity in the electrolysis process and is not conducive to the protection of the environment, the self-baking cell technology is gradually being eliminated.
In the metallurgical industry, especially in the electrolytic aluminum production process, it is necessary to regularly open the shell surface of the molten pool with a shelling cylinder, so that the raw materials can be replenished into the electrolyte.
The traditional shelling cylinder realizes the cylinder rod extension through the upper cavity air intake and the lower cavity exhaust, and the upper cavity exhausts and the lower cavity air intake realizes the cylinder rod retraction. The whole process is sensorless and the system runs at full pressure, which results in large energy consumption and low cylinder life (damage to seals, cylinder blocks, end covers and other components). However, in actual production, more than 95% of the cases do not require a large shelling force, and the discharge port on the shell surface is not solidified, it is open or there is only a thin shell.